KOH又稱苛性鉀，一種強(qiáng)堿性化工原料。常用于制取碳酸鉀、軟肥皂、清潔劑和顏料等，在電鍍、堿性電解質(zhì)蓄電池等方面也有應(yīng)用。下面來(lái)講講產(chǎn)品相關(guān)內(nèi)容吧。

　　KOH is also known as potash, a strong alkaline chemical raw material. It is often used to make potassium carbonate, soft soap, detergent and pigment, etc. It is also used in electroplating, alkaline electrolyte battery and so on. Let's talk about the product.

　　固體氫氧化鉀為白色正交結(jié)晶，易潮解并吸收二氧化碳。溶于水放出大量熱，易溶于酒精和甘油。熔點(diǎn)℃。其化學(xué)性質(zhì)類(lèi)似氫氧化鈉（燒堿），水溶液呈強(qiáng)堿性，能破壞細(xì)胞組織。

　　Solid potassium hydroxide is a white orthogonal crystal that deliquesces easily and absorbs carbon dioxide. Soluble in water releases a lot of heat, soluble in alcohol and glycerin. Melting point ℃。 Its chemical properties are similar to sodium hydroxide （caustic soda）， aqueous solution is strongly alkaline, can destroy cell tissue.

　　有1、2、4分子水的水合物。固體氫氧化鉀遇水或水蒸氣產(chǎn)生熱量，會(huì)使易燃物質(zhì)達(dá)到燃燒溫度，故應(yīng)置于干燥場(chǎng)所貯存。接觸氫氧化鉀的防護(hù)措施同氫氧化鈉。

　　Hydrates with 1, 2, 4 molecules of water. When solid potassium hydroxide encounters water or steam, it will generate heat and make flammable substances reach combustion temperature. Therefore, it should be stored in a dry place. Protective measures for contact with potassium hydroxide are the same as sodium hydroxide.

　　氫氧化鉀可從電解高純度的氯化鉀水溶液制得。所用的電解槽形式以及生產(chǎn)過(guò)程類(lèi)似氫氧化鈉。使用隔膜電解槽時(shí)，所得的電解液含有10％～15％（質(zhì)量）的氫氧化鉀和約10％（質(zhì)量）的氯化鉀。

　　Potassium hydroxide can be prepared by electrolysis of a highly purified aqueous solution of potassium chloride. The electrolytic cell used and its production process are similar to sodium hydroxide. When a diaphragm cell is used, the resulting electrolyte contains 10% ~ 15% （mass） potassium hydroxide and approximately 10% （mass） potassium chloride.

　　經(jīng)蒸發(fā)、濃縮、冷卻，大部分的氯化鉀結(jié)晶析出，分離后得到含氫氧化鉀45％～50％的產(chǎn)品（含氯化鉀％）。

　　After evaporation, concentration and cooling, most of the potassium chloride crystallizes out, and after separation, the product containing 45% ~ 50% potassium hydroxide （containing % potassium chloride） is obtained.

　　采用水銀電解法可以制得高純度的氫氧化鉀，但應(yīng)控制氯化鉀水溶液中重金屬雜質(zhì)的含量在以下，以免氯氣中含氫過(guò)高。采用離子膜電解法須使用專(zhuān)用的離子交換膜。

　　High purity potassium hydroxide can be prepared by mercury electrolysis, but the content of heavy metal impurities in potassium chloride aqueous solution should be controlled below, so as not to contain too much hydrogen in chlorine gas. Ionic membrane electrolysis requires the use of a special ion exchange membrane.

　　氫氧化鉀比氫氧化鈉難于脫水。工業(yè)固體氫氧化鉀的純度為88％～92％，固體有塊狀和片狀兩種。液體氫氧化鉀有45％和50％兩種濃度規(guī)格。

　　Potassium hydroxide is more difficult to dehydrate than sodium hydroxide. The purity of industrial solid potassium hydroxide is 88% ~ 92%, and there are two kinds of solid: block and flake. Liquid potassium hydroxide is available in 45% and 50% concentration specifications.

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